Sølvsølvkloridelektrode

Sølvsølvkloridelektrode, often abbreviated as Ag/AgCl, is a type of reference electrode widely used in electrochemistry. It consists of a silver wire coated with silver chloride, immersed in a solution containing chloride ions. This specific composition provides a stable and reproducible potential, making it an ideal reference point for electrochemical measurements.

The principle behind the Ag/AgCl electrode relies on the equilibrium between solid silver chloride and dissolved silver and chloride ions. The silver chloride coating on the silver wire forms a reversible half-cell. The potential of this electrode is dependent on the concentration of chloride ions in the surrounding electrolyte. Typically, a saturated potassium chloride (KCl) solution is used to ensure a constant chloride ion concentration and thus a stable electrode potential.

Ag/AgCl electrodes are valued for their ease of preparation, relatively low cost, and good stability. They are employed in a variety of applications, including pH measurements, potentiometric titrations, corrosion studies, and biosensor development. However, their performance can be affected by factors such as temperature fluctuations and contamination, which can alter the chloride ion concentration or the silver chloride coating. Despite these potential limitations, the Ag/AgCl electrode remains a cornerstone in electrochemical research and industry due to its reliability and versatility.