Sähkökatkaisija

A sähkökatkaisija, commonly known as a circuit breaker, is an essential electrical safety device designed to protect electrical circuits from damage caused by excessive current from an overload or short circuit. Its primary function is to interrupt the flow of electricity when it detects abnormal current levels, thereby preventing potential fires and equipment damage.

Circuit breakers are widely used in both residential and industrial settings. They are installed in electrical panels, often referred to as breaker boxes or fuse boxes, and can be manually or automatically operated. Unlike fuses, which must be replaced after tripping, circuit breakers can be reset after they have interrupted the circuit, making them more convenient and cost-effective in the long run.

There are several types of circuit breakers, including thermal-magnetic, electronic, and residual current devices (RCDs). Thermal-magnetic breakers are the most common type, combining a bimetallic strip that bends and trips the breaker when overheated by an overload, and an electromagnetic mechanism that trips the breaker in the event of a short circuit. Electronic breakers use sensors and microprocessors to detect faults and trip the circuit more precisely. RCDs, also known as ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs), are designed to protect against ground faults, which can cause electric shocks.

Circuit breakers are rated by their ampere (A) rating, indicating the maximum current they can safely handle. Proper sizing and installation of circuit breakers are crucial for ensuring the safety and efficiency of an electrical system. Regular inspections and maintenance are also recommended to ensure that the breakers function correctly when needed.