Sähköjännitteitä

Sähköjännitteitä refers to electrical voltages. Voltage is a fundamental concept in electricity, representing the electric potential difference between two points in an electric circuit. It is the driving force that causes electric charge to flow, creating an electric current. The unit of electrical voltage is the volt, symbolized by V.

Voltage can be generated by various sources, including batteries, generators, and power supplies. Batteries store chemical energy and convert it into electrical energy, producing a direct current (DC) voltage. Generators, on the other hand, convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, typically producing an alternating current (AC) voltage. Power supplies are devices that convert AC voltage to DC voltage or vice versa, often with adjustable voltage levels.

In a circuit, voltage can be measured using a voltmeter. The voltage across a component indicates the energy per unit charge supplied to or dissipated by that component. Ohm's Law, a fundamental relationship in electrical circuits, states that the voltage across a resistor is directly proportional to the current flowing through it and its resistance. This can be expressed as V = IR, where V is voltage, I is current, and R is resistance.

Different applications require different voltage levels. For example, small electronic devices often operate at low DC voltages, such as 1.5V or 5V, provided by batteries or small power adapters. Household electrical outlets supply AC voltages, typically around 120V or 240V, depending on the region. High-voltage power transmission lines carry electricity at much higher voltages to minimize energy loss during long-distance transport. Understanding electrical voltages is crucial for designing, analyzing, and safely operating electrical systems.