Szívgyulladások

Szívgyulladások, or inflammation of the heart, is a general term encompassing various conditions that affect the heart muscle, the inner lining, or the sac surrounding the heart. These inflammations can be caused by a range of factors, including infections, autoimmune diseases, and certain medications.

One of the most common forms is myocarditis, an inflammation of the heart muscle itself. This can be triggered by viral infections, such as the common cold or influenza, but also by bacteria, fungi, or parasites. In some cases, myocarditis can be a side effect of certain drugs or a manifestation of an autoimmune disorder where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own heart tissue.

Another significant type is endocarditis, an infection of the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves. This often occurs when bacteria enter the bloodstream and attach to damaged or artificial heart valves, though it can also affect healthy valves. Intravenous drug use and certain medical procedures can increase the risk of developing endocarditis.

Pericarditis, the inflammation of the pericardium, the sac that encloses the heart, is another important category. It can be caused by infections, autoimmune conditions, or even trauma to the chest. The inflammation can lead to fluid buildup around the heart, potentially restricting its ability to pump effectively.

Symptoms of heart inflammation can vary depending on the specific type and severity, but may include chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, fever, and palpitations. Diagnosis typically involves a combination of physical examination, electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiogram, and blood tests. Treatment aims to address the underlying cause and manage symptoms, with approaches ranging from antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medications to more intensive therapies in severe cases.