Szemnyomásmérés

Szemnyomásmérés, also known as tonometry, is a diagnostic procedure used to measure intraocular pressure (IOP), the fluid pressure inside the eye. Elevated IOP is a major risk factor for glaucoma, a progressive eye disease that can lead to vision loss. Therefore, regular szemnyomásmérés is a crucial part of comprehensive eye examinations, especially for individuals at higher risk.

There are several methods for performing szemnyomásmérés. The most common is applanation tonometry, which involves gently flattening a small area of the cornea with a tonometer tip. This method requires topical anesthetic drops to numb the eye and a fluorescein dye to help visualize the flattened area. Another common method is non-contact tonometry, often referred to as "air puff" tonometry. This technique uses a gentle puff of air to momentarily flatten the cornea, and it does not require anesthetic drops or direct contact with the eye, making it a quicker and more comfortable option for some patients. More specialized methods like Goldmann applanation tonometry are considered the gold standard for accuracy, while other devices like the Tono-Pen are portable and useful in various settings.

The results of szemnyomásmérés are typically given in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). A normal IOP reading generally falls between 10 and 21 mmHg. However, what is considered normal can vary slightly between individuals, and eye care professionals interpret the readings in conjunction with other clinical findings. Persistent IOP readings above the normal range may indicate a higher risk of developing or progressing glaucoma, prompting further investigation and potential treatment. Conversely, very low IOP can also be indicative of certain ocular conditions.