Szembetegség

Szembetegség refers to any condition that affects the eye or its associated structures, leading to a decline in vision or complete loss of sight. These conditions can range in severity and can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetics, aging, infections, injuries, and other underlying health issues.

Common eye diseases include cataracts, which cause clouding of the lens; glaucoma, characterized by damage to the optic nerve, often due to increased intraocular pressure; macular degeneration, affecting central vision; and diabetic retinopathy, a complication of diabetes that damages blood vessels in the retina. Other conditions can include refractive errors like myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), and astigmatism, which affect how the eye focuses light. Infections such as conjunctivitis (pink eye) and more serious conditions like keratitis can also impair vision.

Symptoms of szembetegség vary widely depending on the specific condition. They may include blurred or distorted vision, floaters, flashes of light, pain, redness, and increased sensitivity to light. Early detection and treatment are crucial for managing many eye diseases and preventing irreversible vision loss. Regular eye examinations by an ophthalmologist or optometrist are recommended, especially for individuals with risk factors like a family history of eye disease, diabetes, or advanced age. Treatment options depend on the diagnosis and can include corrective lenses, medications, laser therapy, or surgery.