Sugárszivattyúk

Sugárszivattyúk, also known as jet pumps or ejectors, are a type of pump that operates using a high-velocity fluid stream to move a lower-velocity fluid. They do not have any moving mechanical parts, making them simple and robust in design. The principle of operation relies on the Venturi effect. A primary fluid, often called the motive fluid, is accelerated through a nozzle, creating a region of low pressure. This low pressure draws in the secondary fluid (the fluid to be pumped) which then mixes with the motive fluid. The combined flow then enters a diffuser section where its velocity decreases and its pressure increases, allowing it to be discharged at a higher pressure than the suction pressure.

Commonly, water is used as the motive fluid, but steam, air, or other liquids can also be employed. Sugárszivattyúk are well-suited for applications involving corrosive, abrasive, or high-temperature fluids because of their lack of internal wear parts. They are often used in chemical processing, vacuum generation, and water circulation systems. Their efficiency is generally lower than that of mechanical pumps, but their reliability and low maintenance requirements make them a cost-effective solution in specific scenarios. They are also effective at handling solids or slurries without clogging.