Subsistência

Subsistência refers to the ability of individuals or groups to maintain their existence and meet their basic needs for survival. This concept is closely tied to the resources available to a population, such as food, water, shelter, and the means to acquire them. In its most fundamental sense, subsistence living means producing or obtaining enough to keep oneself and one's dependents alive.

Historically and in many contemporary societies, subsistence living is characterized by direct production of necessities, often through agriculture, hunting, gathering, or fishing. This contrasts with market-based economies where goods and services are typically acquired through monetary exchange. Subsistence strategies can vary widely depending on the environment, available technology, and social organization.

The concept of subsistence is also relevant in discussions of poverty, food security, and economic development. When individuals or communities struggle to achieve subsistence, it indicates a lack of access to essential resources or the means to secure them. Efforts to improve livelihoods often focus on enhancing subsistence capabilities, whether through agricultural training, access to land, or creating employment opportunities that allow for the purchase of necessities. The ability to subsist is a fundamental prerequisite for human well-being and societal stability.