Stödjevävnader

Stödjevävnader, known in English as connective tissues, are a group of tissues in the body that support, connect, or separate different types of tissues and organs. They are primarily composed of extracellular matrix, which consists of protein fibers like collagen and elastin, and ground substance, a gel-like material. This matrix provides structural support and determines the tissue's physical properties.

There are several main types of stödjevävnader. Loose connective tissue, found beneath epithelia, provides cushioning and support. Dense connective tissue, with its tightly packed fibers, forms tendons and ligaments, offering great strength. Adipose tissue, or fat tissue, stores energy, insulates the body, and protects organs. Cartilage, a flexible but strong tissue, is found in joints, the ears, and the nose. Bone is a rigid connective tissue that forms the skeleton, providing structural support and protection. Blood, although often considered a specialized fluid tissue, also has connective tissue properties due to its extracellular matrix (plasma) and the cells it carries.

The functions of stödjevävnader are diverse and essential for bodily integrity. They provide mechanical support, allowing the body to maintain its shape and resist forces. They bind structures together, forming ligaments that connect bone to bone, and tendons that connect muscle to bone. They also play a crucial role in protection, such as the skull protecting the brain and the ribs protecting vital organs. Furthermore, many connective tissues are involved in metabolism, energy storage (adipose tissue), and transport (blood). Their ability to repair and regenerate varies depending on the specific type of tissue.