Strålskyddslagen

Strålskyddslagen is a Swedish law that governs protection against ionizing radiation. Its purpose is to safeguard people and the environment from harmful effects of radiation in workplaces, medical facilities, industry, and research, by regulating how radiation is used and by whom.

The act sets out licensing and permit requirements for activities involving radiation sources. This includes medical X-ray apparatus, industrial radiography, research with radioactive materials, and handling or storage of radioactive substances as well as nuclear installations. It defines the responsibilities of license holders and operators, requiring risk assessments, implemented safety programs, arrangements to keep exposures as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA), and adequate training and competence.

Oversight is carried out by the Swedish Radiation Safety Authority, Strålsäkerhetsmyndigheten (SSM). The authority issues licenses, approves safety measures, conducts inspections, and enforces compliance. The act requires the appointment of a radiation protection officer or supervisor, proper dosimetry and exposure monitoring for workers, and documentation of safety procedures and incident reporting. It also covers protection in transport and the control of contaminated areas and equipment.

Emergency preparedness and waste management are addressed in Strålskyddslagen. Licensees must have plans for potential accidents, notification procedures, and measures for clean-up and remediation. The act governs handling, storage, and disposal of radioactive waste and sets requirements for decommissioning facilities at the end of their life.

Strålskyddslagen implements European Union directives on radiation protection and interacts with other Swedish laws, such as the Nuclear Activities Act and the Work Environment Act. Violations can lead to administrative sanctions, penalties, or other legal consequences.