Stoßströmen
Stoßströmen, also known as hydraulic jumps, are a phenomenon that occurs in open channel flow when a supercritical flow (fast and shallow) abruptly transitions to a subcritical flow (slow and deep). This transition is characterized by a sudden increase in depth and a decrease in velocity, resulting in a distinct jump or wave in the water surface. The term "Stoßströmen" is derived from the German words "Stoß" meaning "shock" and "Strömen" meaning "stream," reflecting the abrupt nature of the flow transition.
Hydraulic jumps are commonly observed in rivers, spillways, and other open channels. They can be classified
The hydraulic jump is a critical feature in the design and operation of hydraulic structures, as it