Stoiker

Stoiker is a term used in several European languages to denote a follower or adherent of Stoicism, an ancient philosophy that emphasizes virtue, reason, and living in accordance with nature. The word derives from the Stoic school’s origin on the Stoa Poikile, a painted porch in Athens where Zeno of Citium taught.

A Stoiker believes that virtue is the highest good and the sole foundation of a good life. Central ideas include the dichotomy of control (distinguishing what is within our power from what is not), and the view that externals such as wealth, health, and reputation are indifferent rather than inherently good or bad. The ideal is to cultivate wisdom, courage, justice, and temperance, and to align one’s actions with reason.

Emotions are understood through reason rather than extinguished; the goal is eudaimonia (flourishing) achieved by inner steadiness and ethical conduct. Practices associated with Stoicism, which a Stoiker might adopt, include reflection, journaling, and the premeditation of misfortune (premeditatio malorum) to prepare for challenges and reinforce resilience.

Historically, Stoicism emerged in the 3rd century BCE with Zeno of Citium and developed through figures such as Cleanthes and Chrysippus. In the Roman era, prominent Stoikers included Seneca, Epictetus, and Marcus Aurelius, whose writings shaped later ethical and practical philosophy. In contemporary times, Stoicism experiences revivals as a practical framework for self-control, responsibility, and rational living in the face of adversity. A modern Stoiker thus seeks to apply ancient insights to everyday conduct and moral decision-making.