Stjórnarskrift

Stjórnarskrift is the Icelandic term for a constitution. It is the fundamental law of Iceland, outlining the structure of the state, the rights of citizens, and the powers and limitations of government institutions. The current constitution of Iceland was adopted on June 17, 1944, though it has undergone several amendments since then.

The Icelandic constitution establishes a parliamentary republic with a president as the head of state and a prime minister as the head of government. Legislative power is vested in the Althingi, the oldest parliament in the world. Judicial power is exercised by the courts. Key principles enshrined in the stjórnarskrift include the separation of powers, democratic principles, and the protection of fundamental human rights and freedoms.

Amendments to the stjórnarskrift are a complex process, typically requiring approval by the Althingi and often a national referendum. The constitutional framework has evolved over time, reflecting the country's development and societal changes. Discussions regarding potential further reforms and the modernization of the constitution are ongoing in Icelandic political discourse.