Spülschemata

Spülschemata, also known as flushing schemes, are a method used in dentistry to clean and disinfect the root canals of teeth during endodontic treatment. This procedure is essential for removing infected or necrotic tissue and debris from the root canal system, preparing it for the placement of a filling material. The term "Spülschema" translates to "flushing scheme" in English, reflecting the process of flushing the canal with various solutions.

The most common Spülschema involves the use of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Sodium hypochlorite is a strong oxidizing agent that effectively kills bacteria and removes organic debris. EDTA, on the other hand, is a chelating agent that helps to dissolve mineralized tissue and remove any remaining debris. The sequence and concentration of these solutions are carefully controlled to ensure thorough cleaning and disinfection without damaging the tooth structure.

The procedure typically begins with the irrigation of the root canal with sodium hypochlorite, followed by EDTA. This is often referred to as the "EDTA protocol." The use of EDTA is particularly important in cases where there is significant mineralization or calcification within the root canal, as it can help to dissolve these deposits. After the EDTA irrigation, the canal is rinsed with water to remove any residual chemicals.

Spülschemata are crucial for the success of endodontic treatment, as they help to prevent reinfection and promote healing. The choice of Spülschema and the specific solutions used can vary depending on the individual case and the preferences of the dentist. However, the goal remains the same: to achieve a clean, disinfected root canal system that is ready for the placement of a permanent filling material.