Spillage

Spillage refers to the accidental release of a liquid or granular material from its container into the surrounding environment. It can involve fuels, chemicals, water, or dry powders, and ranges in scale from a small household drop to large industrial discharges. The term is often used interchangeably with spill, with regional variations in preference.

Spillage occurs in domestic, industrial, and environmental contexts. Household spills (water, cooking oil) are common and typically cleaned with household tools. In industry, spills may involve hazardous substances and require formal hazard assessment, containment, and cleanup to minimize exposure and environmental impact. Large environmental spills can affect soil, surface water, groundwater, and ecosystems.

Causes include overfilling, container rupture, faulty seals, improper storage, transport accidents, and human error. The hazards depend on the material and may include fire risk, toxic exposure, corrosion, and ecological damage.

Prevention emphasizes proper storage and labeling, secondary containment, leak detection, regular maintenance, and spill readiness. Spill response equipment such as absorbent pads, neutralizers, drums, and protective clothing should be readily available, and personnel should be trained in safe cleanup procedures.

Response involves stopping the source if safe, containing the spill to prevent spread, and initiating cleanup using appropriate methods. Contaminated material and cleanup waste must be disposed of according to local regulations, and incidents may require reporting to authorities and investigation to prevent recurrence.