Spannungsverstärkerschaltung

Spannungsverstärker, commonly translated as voltage amplifier, is an electronic circuit designed to increase the amplitude of an input voltage signal. This amplification process is achieved by using active components such as transistors or operational amplifiers, which require a power supply to operate. The core function of a voltage amplifier is to produce an output voltage that is a scaled version of the input voltage, often with a gain greater than one.

Voltage amplifiers are fundamental building blocks in a vast array of electronic systems. They are essential in audio equipment, where they boost the low-level signals from microphones or audio sources to drive loudspeakers. In radio frequency (RF) circuits, voltage amplifiers are used to increase the strength of weak incoming signals before they are processed further. They also play a crucial role in measurement instruments, amplifying small signals from sensors to levels that can be easily read by displays or data acquisition systems.

The performance of a voltage amplifier is characterized by several key parameters, including voltage gain, bandwidth, input impedance, and output impedance. Voltage gain refers to the ratio of output voltage to input voltage. Bandwidth determines the range of frequencies over which the amplifier can effectively operate. Input and output impedance influence how the amplifier interacts with preceding and subsequent stages in a circuit. Different types of voltage amplifiers exist, each suited for specific applications, such as common-emitter, common-collector, and common-base configurations for transistor amplifiers, or inverting and non-inverting configurations for operational amplifier circuits.