Sortenprüfung

Sortenprüfung is the formal process by which new plant varieties are subjected to standardised testing to determine their suitability for commercial cultivation, their distinctness from existing varieties, uniformity of individuals, and stability of desirable traits. It is a key element in plant variety protection and seed marketing systems in many countries.

The testing typically comprises two components: a DUS test and, where required, an evaluation of commercial value (often referred to as VCU or an equivalent assessment). The DUS test assesses three criteria: Distinctness (the variety must be clearly different from all existing varieties), Uniformity (the individuals within the variety are sufficiently uniform), and Stability (the trait expressions are stable over time and across environments). The optional VCU (or economic value) evaluation examines agronomic performance, yield, quality attributes, and resistance to pests and diseases, across target environments.

The process generally starts with an application by the breeder. Official or authorised testing stations establish multi-location trials over several growing seasons, using standardised protocols. Data are collected on phenotypic traits, agronomic performance, disease resistance, and quality characteristics, and are statistically analysed. Independent testers or committees review the results and issue a decision on distinctness, uniformity, and stability; and on commercial value where applicable. Successful varieties may be entered into official catalogs, receive eligibility for plant variety rights, and become eligible for seed certification and marketing. Unsuccessful results may lead to rejection or require additional testing.

Sortenprüfung thereby supports innovation in plant breeding while ensuring that new varieties meet defined standards, enabling informed purchase decisions by breeders, farmers, and retailers, and providing a framework for intellectual property protection.