Sorghastrum

Sorghastrum is a genus of grasses in the family Poaceae, comprising several perennial species native to warm temperate and tropical regions of the world. The best-known species is Sorghastrum nutans, commonly called Indiangrass, a tall, bunching grass native to North American tallgrass prairies. Other species occur in the Americas, Africa, and parts of Asia, often occupying savannas, open woodlands, and grasslands.

Description: Plants are herbaceous perennials forming clumps up to about 1–2 meters tall. Leaves are linear with rough margins. The flowers are arranged in an open, pyramidal panicle with golden-yellow spikelets; flowering occurs in late summer to autumn. Like other members of the Andropogoneae, Sorghastrum species use C4 photosynthesis and are well adapted to heat, drought, and fire.

Ecology and uses: Sorghastrum nutans and related species are important forage grasses for grazing systems and are widely used in native prairie restoration and erosion control. They establish slowly but develop deep root systems that improve soil structure and water infiltration. The plants are adapted to well-drained soils and respond positively to periodic fire and grazing regimes, which help maintain their characteristic bunchgrass form.

Cultivation: They are typically propagated by seed. In restoration or horticulture, they are sown in prepared seedbeds with adequate moisture; in landscapes, they tolerate drought and heat but may need supplemental irrigation in dry climates. They have ornamental value due to their tall, golden inflorescences.