Sonotrodit

Sonotrodit is a term used in ultrasonic engineering to describe the tool that transmits and concentrates high-frequency vibrations from the transducer to the workpiece. In many technical contexts the English term “sonotrode” is used; “sonotrodit” appears in some languages or translations as an equivalent name for the same component.

Construction and materials: Sonotrodites are typically machined from tool steels, carbide, or titanium alloys, chosen for stiffness and fatigue resistance. The tool may have a stepped or conical horn shape, designed so that the vibration amplitude increases from the base at the transducer connection to the contact face. The geometry is tuned for a single vibration mode at the process frequency, commonly around 20 kHz in plastic welding, though systems may operate between 15 and 40 kHz.

Function and operation: The sonotrode forms the interface between the transducer and the workpiece. It converts electrical energy from the piezoelectric transducer into mechanical vibration and conveys this energy to the contact face, where heat is generated by plastic deformation and friction. A booster or amplifier may be used to achieve the required displacement, and the face geometry can be tailored for specific joint configurations.

Applications and maintenance: Ultrasonic welding, cutting, or staking of plastics and metals are common applications. Routine maintenance includes inspection for surface wear, nicks, and fatigue cracks; alignment with the transducer; and periodic amplitude calibration. Damaged sonotrodit should be replaced to prevent energy loss or failure during operation.

See also: Ultrasonic welding, Piezoelectric transducer, Booster (ultrasonics), Horn (acoustic).