Softgel

Softgel refers to a soft gelatin capsule, a small, oval or oblong container designed to hold a liquid or semi-solid fill. It is widely used for dietary supplements, vitamins, and certain pharmaceuticals, chosen for ease of swallowing and the ability to mask taste.

A softgel shell is typically made from gelatin, water, and a plasticizer such as glycerin or sorbitol. The combination creates a flexible, sealed capsule. The shells may be opacified with colorants, and some products use vegetarian or vegan alternatives based on cellulose derivatives or other polymers for those avoiding animal-derived ingredients.

The fill material inside a softgel is usually a liquid or semi-solid oil-based substance, including essential fatty acids, fish oil, vitamin blends, plant oils, or active pharmaceutical ingredients. The formulation aims to improve bioavailability for lipophilic compounds and to mask taste and odor. Compatibility between shell and fill is important to ensure stability and consistency.

Manufacturing of softgels is commonly performed by rotary die encapsulation, where two ribbons of gelatin and a precise fill are guided between rotating dies to form and seal individual capsules. The capsules are then dried to reduce free moisture and stabilize the product. Non-animal or plant-based shells are available for consumer groups with dietary restrictions.

Storage and regulation: softgels should be kept in original packaging, away from heat and moisture. They are subject to quality control standards and regulatory requirements for pharmaceuticals and dietary supplements, including labeling, purity, and expiry dating. Potential allergies to gelatin exist, though many products are formulated to minimize risk.