Skandinávhegység

The Scandinavian Mountains, also known as the Scandinavian Range or Scandes, is a mountain range that stretches across the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. This extensive range runs from the southern tip of Norway up through Sweden and into the northernmost part of Norway, forming a significant geographical feature of the region. The mountains are characterized by their rugged terrain, with peaks, valleys, and fjords, particularly along the Norwegian coast.

Geologically, the Scandinavian Mountains are a remnant of the ancient Caledonian Orogeny, a mountain-building event that occurred hundreds of millions of years ago. Over time, erosion and glaciation, especially during the last Ice Age, have shaped the current landscape, creating the dramatic features seen today. Glaciers carved out deep valleys and fjords, and their retreat left behind moraines and other glacial deposits.

The range acts as a natural border between Norway and Sweden for much of its length. The highest point in the Scandinavian Mountains is Galdhøpiggen in Norway, reaching an elevation of 2,469 meters (8,100 feet). The climate varies significantly across the range, from alpine conditions at higher elevations to more temperate climates in the southern parts. The mountains are home to diverse ecosystems, including forests, tundra, and alpine meadows, supporting various flora and fauna. The range also plays a crucial role in regional hydrology, with many rivers originating in its highlands and flowing to the coast.