Skabiózis

Skabiózis is a term derived from the Greek word "skabion," meaning "to scratch," and it refers to the condition of being afflicted by scabies. Scabies is a contagious skin infestation caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. These microscopic mites burrow into the skin, where they live, lay eggs, and feed. The primary symptom of scabies is an intense itching, which is often worse at night. This itching is an allergic reaction to the mites, their eggs, and their waste products.

The infestation typically manifests as a rash, which can appear as small red bumps or blisters. Characteristic burrows, which are tiny, thread-like lines on the skin, may also be visible, particularly in areas where the mites are most active, such as between the fingers, on the wrists, elbows, armpits, and genitals. Transmission of scabies occurs through direct, prolonged skin-to-skin contact with an infected individual. It can also spread through infested clothing, bedding, or furniture, though this is less common.

Diagnosis of scabies is usually made by a healthcare professional based on the characteristic symptoms and physical examination of the rash and burrows. Microscopic examination of skin scrapings to identify the mites, eggs, or fecal matter can confirm the diagnosis. Treatment involves topical medications, such as permethrin cream or lindane lotion, which kill the mites. Oral medications, like ivermectin, may be prescribed in severe cases or when topical treatments are ineffective. It is crucial to treat all household members and close contacts simultaneously to prevent reinfestation. Proper hygiene and cleaning of contaminated items are also essential parts of managing scabies.