Siseviljastamisel

Siseviljastamisel refers to self-pollination in plants. This is a process where pollen from an anther of a flower is transferred to the stigma of the same flower, or to another flower on the same plant. This contrasts with cross-pollination, which involves the transfer of pollen between flowers of different plants. Many plants are capable of self-pollination, either as their primary mode of reproduction or as a backup mechanism to ensure seed production if cross-pollination fails.

The genetic outcome of self-pollination is generally less genetic diversity compared to cross-pollination. Offspring resulting from self-pollination tend to be more homozygous, meaning they have two identical alleles for many genes. This can sometimes lead to inbreeding depression, where a population's fitness decreases due to the accumulation of deleterious recessive alleles. However, self-pollination can be advantageous in stable environments where the parent plant is well-adapted, as it reliably passes on those favorable traits.

Mechanisms facilitating self-pollination include cleistogamy, where flowers remain closed and self-pollinate before they open, and chasmogamy, where flowers open and then self-pollinate. Some plants have evolved specific adaptations to promote self-pollination, such as having stamens and pistils that mature at the same time within a flower. While it reduces genetic variation, siseviljastamisel is a common and successful reproductive strategy across the plant kingdom, ensuring reproduction in the absence of external pollinators.