Simmental

Simmental refers to a breed of cattle originating from the Simme Valley in the Bernese Oberland of Switzerland. It is considered one of the oldest cattle breeds and spread widely from the region in the 18th century, giving its name to both the breed and the landscape. The Simmental has a long history as a versatile, dual-purpose animal suitable for dairy and beef production.

Simmentals are large cattle with a color range that includes red to golden red, often with white markings on the head, abdomen, and legs, and sometimes a white belt across the shoulders. They are typically horned, though polled lines exist in some populations. The breed is known for a robust constitution and good overall conformation, qualities that supported its use in traditional farming and modern production systems alike.

The breed is valued for its dual-purpose capabilities. Milk production is substantial for a breed of its size, and the meat is well regarded for quality. Simmentals are adaptable to a wide range of climates and management practices, contributing to their global distribution and continued popularity in both dairy and beef sectors.

Today, Simmental cattle are among the most widely distributed breeds worldwide, with populations in Europe, the Americas, and other regions. Breeding programs have developed dairy-oriented and beef-oriented lines, while efforts in various countries aim to preserve regional types, improve fertility and calving ease, and optimize growth and profitability.