Silmätarkastelu

Silmätarkastelu, often translated as eye examination or vision test, is a fundamental process used to assess an individual's eyesight and the health of their eyes. This multifaceted examination can be performed by optometrists, ophthalmologists, or other trained eye care professionals. The primary goals of a silmätarkastelu are to detect and diagnose refractive errors, such as myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), and astigmatism, as well as to identify potential eye diseases and conditions that may not present obvious symptoms in their early stages.

The examination typically begins with a review of the patient's medical history and any specific visual complaints. This is followed by a series of tests. Visual acuity is measured using charts like the Snellen chart to determine how clearly a person can see at different distances. Refraction tests, often involving a phoropter or autorefractor, are used to pinpoint the exact prescription needed to correct vision. Other components may include assessing eye muscle coordination, peripheral vision (visual field testing), and color vision.

Furthermore, a crucial part of the silmätarkastelu involves examining the internal and external structures of the eye. This often includes using a slit lamp to magnify the cornea, iris, and lens, and an ophthalmoscope or fundus camera to view the retina and optic nerve at the back of the eye. Tonometry is commonly performed to measure intraocular pressure, which is a key indicator for glaucoma. Early detection through regular silmätarkastelu is vital for managing eye conditions and preserving long-term vision.