Sidoglidsförkastning

Sidoglidsförkastning, also known as a strike-slip fault, is a type of geological fault where the rock masses move horizontally past each other. The movement is predominantly parallel to the strike of the fault, meaning the fault line is visible as a linear feature on the Earth's surface. This contrasts with dip-slip faults, where movement is primarily vertical.

Strike-slip faults are categorized into two main types based on the direction of relative movement. In a dextral or right-lateral strike-slip fault, the block on the opposite side of the fault moves to the right relative to the observer. Conversely, in a sinistral or left-lateral strike-slip fault, the opposite block moves to the left. The San Andreas Fault in California is a well-known example of a right-lateral strike-slip fault.

These faults are often associated with transform plate boundaries, where tectonic plates slide past each other. They can also occur within plates as a result of stress. While strike-slip faults can produce significant earthquakes, the motion is generally not associated with the creation of large vertical displacement features like mountain ranges, although localized uplift and subsidence can occur due to complex fault interactions. The surface trace of a strike-slip fault can be marked by various features, including offset stream channels, linear valleys, and scarps.