Shuttering

Shuttering, in construction, refers to the temporary mold or framework used to shape concrete until it gains sufficient strength. Also called formwork, shuttering supports the fresh concrete and defines the final geometry of elements such as slabs, beams, columns, and walls. It is removed after curing.

Shuttering can be timber, steel, aluminum, or composites. Timber is inexpensive and adaptable for small projects but limited in reuse. Steel and aluminum offer greater rigidity, surface quality, and higher reuse. System types include traditional panel formwork, modular formwork, stay-in-place forms, and slip-form. All systems rely on panels, props, ties, and release agents.

Design and erection must resist hydrostatic pressure, accommodate reinforcement, and allow safe stripping. Factors include concrete temperature, slump, cure time, and access for vibration. Proper bracing, alignment, and waterproofing are essential for surface quality. Stripping timing is coordinated with strength gain to minimize cracking.

Process: erect shuttering, install reinforcement, inspect, pour and compact concrete, cure, then strip and reuse or dispose of the formwork. Reusable shuttering reduces waste and cost but requires maintenance. Improper removal can damage the concrete surface.

Applications include floors and slabs, beams, columns, walls, foundations, and curved geometries via customized shuttering. Shuttering is a core element of concrete construction, influencing surface finish, speed, and safety on site.