ShujaudDaulah

Shuja-ud-Daulah was the Nawab of Awadh from 1764 until his death in 1775. He was the son of Safdar Jang and succeeded his father to the throne. Shuja-ud-Daulah played a significant role in the history of 18th-century India, particularly in the context of the declining Mughal Empire and the rising power of the British East India Company.

His reign was marked by major military engagements, most notably the Battle of Buxar in 1764. In this battle, he allied with Mir Qasim, the deposed Nawab of Bengal, and the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II, against the British East India Company. The allied forces were decisively defeated by the British under Major Hector Munro. This defeat had profound consequences for Shuja-ud-Daulah and the state of Awadh.

Following the Battle of Buxar, Shuja-ud-Daulah was compelled to sign the Treaty of Allahabad in 1765. This treaty imposed harsh terms, including territorial concessions and the payment of a large indemnity. Awadh also effectively became a protectorate of the British, with the Company exerting considerable influence over its affairs. Despite these setbacks, Shuja-ud-Daulah attempted to restore Awadh's fortunes during the remainder of his rule, but the British presence remained a dominant factor. He was succeeded by his son, Asaf-ud-Daulah.