Shema

The Shema is a central declaration of faith in Judaism. The term derives from the Hebrew word shama, meaning hear or listen. Its opening verse, Deuteronomy 6:4, proclaims: Hear, O Israel: the Lord our God, the Lord is One. The Shema is traditionally understood as a creed that emphasizes monotheism and the obligation to love God and to teach these principles to future generations.

Traditionally, the Shema comprises three biblical passages read as a single unit in Jewish liturgy: Deuteronomy 6:4–9; Deuteronomy 11:13–21; and Numbers 15:37–41. The first paragraph emphasizes the unity of God and the command to love God with all one’s being, and to teach these words to children, binding them on the hand and between the eyes. The second continues the themes of loyalty to God, remembrance of His deeds, and the importance of obedience. The third discusses observance of commandments and the wearing of tassels (tzitzit) as a reminder to keep all commandments.

In practice, the Shema is recited daily in the morning and evening services and may be said at other times of distress or celebration. It holds a central place in Jewish ritual life; tefillin (phylacteries) and mezuzot on doorposts connect its text to daily practice. The opening phrase, Echad, affirms belief in one God, a core tenet of Judaism.