Sesudah

Sesudah is a temporal word used in Malay and Indonesian to indicate that one event occurs after another. It functions as both a conjunction and an adverb, signaling sequence and connecting clauses or phrases.

In Indonesian, sesudah is considered more formal or literary compared with setelah, which is the everyday equivalent. In Malay, sesudah remains a standard and widely used form for expressing “after” in both written and spoken language. The term is often found in traditional prose, religious writings, and formal discourse, where-setelah may appear in more contemporary everyday speech.

Usage notes and nuances:

Sesudah typically introduces a subordinate clause that describes what happens following a preceding event. It is commonly placed at the beginning of the clause it governs: Sesudah makan, kami pergi. Sesudah itu, dia menjelaskan rencananya. The phrase sesudah itu means “after that.” While interchangeable with setelah in many contexts, sesudah tends to carry a more formal or literary tone and may be preferred in Malay-language settings and older or formal Indonesian texts.

Examples:

- Sesudah hujan reda, mereka berangkat. (After the rain stopped, they left.)

- Sesudah itu, kita bisa membahas rencananya. (After that, we can discuss the plan.)

- Dalam kitab lama, kata sesudah sering muncul untuk menandai urutan kejadian.

See also: setelah; sebelum; sehabis. Sesudah is part of a broader set of temporal markers used to express sequence in Malay and Indonesian.