Sentralnervesystemvæskeanalyse

Sentralnervesystemvæskeanalyse, often referred to as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, is a diagnostic procedure involving the examination of the fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. This fluid, known as cerebrospinal fluid, plays a crucial role in protecting the central nervous system (CNS) from trauma, removing waste products, and maintaining a stable environment for neurological function.

The analysis typically begins with the collection of CSF, most commonly through a lumbar puncture, also known as a spinal tap. During this procedure, a needle is inserted into the lower back to withdraw a small sample of CSF. The collected fluid is then sent to a laboratory for various tests.

These tests can include cell counts to detect the presence of white or red blood cells, which can indicate inflammation or bleeding. Chemical analysis measures levels of proteins, glucose, and other substances, providing clues about metabolic processes and the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. Microscopic examination can identify microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, or fungi, aiding in the diagnosis of infections such as meningitis or encephalitis.

Cytological examination may be performed to detect abnormal cells, which can be indicative of tumors within the CNS. The results of sentralnervesystemvæskeanalyse are vital for diagnosing a wide range of neurological conditions, including infections, inflammatory diseases, autoimmune disorders, and cancers affecting the brain and spinal cord. It is a critical tool for neurologists and other medical professionals in guiding treatment decisions and monitoring patient progress.