Senologico

Senologico, or senologia, is the medical discipline focused on the breast, addressing health concerns from benign conditions to breast cancer. It encompasses clinical evaluation, imaging, pathology, and systemic treatment planning, with an emphasis on early detection and multidisciplinary care.

Diagnostic work in senologia includes clinical breast examination and imaging with mammography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging. Image-guided procedures such as core needle biopsy, fine-needle aspiration, and vacuum-assisted biopsy play a key role in obtaining a tissue diagnosis.

The field covers prevention, screening programs, and the management of breast diseases. It deals with benign lesions such as fibrocystic changes and cysts, as well as malignant disease, most notably breast cancer, coordinating diagnostic workup, treatment planning, and surveillance.

Professional practice typically involves radiologists specialized in breast imaging, breast surgeons, medical oncologists, pathologists, and radiation oncologists. Training emphasizes radiologic interpretation, biopsy techniques, pathology correlation, and multidisciplinary collaboration within cancer care pathways.

Historically, advances in mammography and breast imaging have shaped senologia, with 3D tomosynthesis and MRI enhancing detection and characterization. The field remains central to public health through screening programs and risk-based strategies.