Selgrootutel

Selgrootutel, also known as the "Self-Government of the Republic of Estonia" (Estonian: *Eesti Vabariigi Valitsus*), refers to the period in Estonian history when the country established its first independent government after regaining sovereignty from Soviet rule. This event marked the beginning of Estonia’s modern democratic statehood and is considered a pivotal moment in its national identity.

Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, Estonia declared its independence on August 20, 1991, after a brief but intense political and social struggle. The Self-Government of Estonia was formally established on August 24, 1991, when the Supreme Soviet of the Estonian SSR (the Soviet-era parliament) declared the restoration of Estonia’s 1938 constitution, effectively dissolving Soviet rule. This act was recognized internationally, leading to Estonia’s full reintegration into the global community.

The Self-Government period was characterized by rapid political and administrative reforms aimed at transitioning from Soviet governance to a democratic system. Key figures, including President Lennart Meri and Prime Minister Edgar Savisaar, played crucial roles in stabilizing the new government. The establishment of democratic institutions, such as the Riigikogu (Parliament) and the Office of the President, became central priorities.

Economic and social challenges followed, as Estonia sought to rebuild its infrastructure and economy while navigating the complexities of post-Soviet life. The country’s path toward EU and NATO membership in the early 2000s further solidified its place as a stable and independent nation. Today, Selgrootutel is remembered as a defining moment in Estonia’s journey toward sovereignty and democracy.