Seasfjords

Seasfjords are a specific type of marine geological formation characterized by their long, narrow, and deep inlets that are flooded by seawater. They are essentially drowned glacial valleys, carved out by glaciers during past ice ages. As glaciers receded, the sea level rose, inundating these deep U-shaped valleys. This process leaves behind steep, often sheer cliffs that plunge dramatically into the water. The depth of fjords can be considerable, often exceeding the depth of the adjacent sea.

The distinctive shape of a fjord is a result of glacial erosion. The immense weight and erosive power of glaciers scraped and scoured the bedrock, creating a deep, trough-like valley. Often, a sill or threshold is present at the mouth of a fjord, a shallower area formed by glacial moraine deposits. This sill can sometimes restrict water circulation within the fjord. Fjords are commonly found in high-latitude regions that were heavily glaciated, such as Norway, Alaska, Chile, and New Zealand. They are renowned for their dramatic scenery, with towering mountains and waterfalls often cascading into their waters. The unique environment within fjords can support specific marine ecosystems adapted to their sheltered conditions and varying salinity.