Schweißzusatzwerkstoff

Schweißzusatzwerkstoff, also known as welding consumable or filler material, is a material that is melted and added to the joint of a base metal during welding. Its primary purpose is to form the weld metal, which joins the base materials together. The composition of the Schweißzusatzwerkstoff is crucial as it influences the mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and overall integrity of the finished weld.

There are numerous types of Schweißzusatzwerkstoffe, each designed for specific applications and base metal combinations. Common forms include welding rods, wires, and fluxes. Welding rods are typically used in stick welding (SMAW), where they are coated with a flux that protects the molten weld pool from atmospheric contamination. Welding wires are used in processes like gas metal arc welding (GMAW) and gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), where they can be solid, flux-cored, or metal-cored. Fluxes, in powder or granular form, are used in submerged arc welding (SAW) and provide shielding and alloying elements.

The selection of the appropriate Schweißzusatzwerkstoff depends on factors such as the type of base metal, the required mechanical strength of the joint, the welding process to be used, and environmental conditions. For instance, welding steels often requires filler materials with similar carbon and alloy content, while welding dissimilar metals may necessitate specialized alloys to prevent brittle intermetallic phases. Proper selection ensures that the weld metal possesses properties that are compatible with, and often superior to, the base metals.