Scarlatine

Scarlatine is a childhood illness caused by infection with Streptococcus pyogenes, also known as group A Streptococcus. It is characterized by a distinctive red rash that often feels like sandpaper. The rash typically begins on the neck and chest and then spreads throughout the body, sometimes sparing the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. A sore throat, fever, and a "strawberry tongue" are also common symptoms. The tongue initially appears coated and then develops red, bumpy papillae. Scarlatine is contagious and spreads through respiratory droplets, such as those produced when an infected person coughs or sneezes. It is most common in children between the ages of 5 and 15. Diagnosis is usually made based on clinical symptoms and can be confirmed with a throat swab to detect the presence of Streptococcus pyogenes. Treatment involves a course of antibiotics, typically penicillin or amoxicillin, to eliminate the bacteria and prevent complications. Without treatment, scarlatine can lead to more serious conditions such as rheumatic fever or kidney disease. Good hygiene practices, such as frequent handwashing, are important in preventing its spread.