Savikeramiikka

Savikeramiikka is the craft and art of making objects from clay that are fired in a kiln. The term combines savi (clay) and keramiikka (ceramics) and covers both utilitarian wares such as pots and bowls and artistic works. The process typically includes shaping the clay (by hand-building, wheel throwing, or slip casting), drying to leather-hard and bisque stages, applying decoration (slip, underglaze, or glaze), and firing in a kiln to maturity. Firing temperatures and clay bodies determine the final characteristics: earthenware fired at lower temperatures remains porous unless glazed, while stoneware and porcelain are fired higher and become vitreous.

Materials used include various clays, silica-based glazes, metal oxides for color, and fuel or electric kilns. Kiln technology ranges from coal or wood-fired traditional kilns to modern electric or gas kilns; firing atmospheres can be oxidizing or reducing, influencing glaze colors and clay maturity.

Historically, ceramics have been produced since ancient times, with a long tradition in many cultures, and Finland has a recognized history of pottery and studio ceramics. In contemporary Finland, savikeramiikka is taught in art schools and universities, practiced by hobbyists, studio potters, and professional ceramic artists, and continually evolves through experimentation with materials, techniques, and design.