Saurosphargidae

Saurosphargidae is an extinct family of marine reptiles belonging to the order Sauropterygia. These creatures lived during the Triassic period, approximately 252 to 247 million years ago. Fossil evidence for saurosphargids has been found primarily in Europe, particularly in Germany. They are known for their unique anatomical features, including a heavily armored body and a long neck.

The most distinctive characteristic of saurosphargids is their extensive ossified armor. This armor consisted of bony plates that covered the dorsal surface of their bodies, providing significant protection. Their limbs were paddle-like, indicating an adaptation to an aquatic lifestyle. The exact function of their armor is still debated among paleontologists, with theories ranging from defense against predators to aiding in buoyancy control.

Saurosphargids were likely herbivores or possibly detritivores, feeding on marine vegetation or organic matter on the seabed. Their long necks suggest they could reach food in different areas while their bodies remained relatively stationary. The discovery of saurosphargids has provided valuable insights into the early diversification of marine reptiles following the Permian-Triassic extinction event. They represent an early experiment in the evolution of armored marine vertebrates, predating many later groups of marine reptiles.