Satelliitmõõtmiste

Satelliitmõõtmised refer to the collection of data and observations from satellites orbiting Earth or other celestial bodies. These measurements are crucial for a wide range of scientific disciplines and practical applications, including environmental monitoring, weather forecasting, climate change research, resource management, and navigation. Satellites are equipped with various sensors, such as cameras, spectrometers, radar systems, and altimeters, each designed to capture specific types of information.

Remote sensing is a primary technique used in satelliitmõõtmised. This involves detecting and measuring electromagnetic radiation reflected or emitted from the Earth's surface, atmosphere, or oceans. Different wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation provide information about various phenomena. For example, visible light imagery can reveal land cover and vegetation health, while infrared radiation can be used to measure surface temperatures and detect heat signatures. Microwave sensors can penetrate clouds and darkness, making them valuable for all-weather monitoring of soil moisture, sea ice, and atmospheric water vapor.

Applications of satelliitmõõtmised are diverse. Earth observation satellites provide continuous data on deforestation, agricultural yields, water quality, and the extent of natural disasters like floods and wildfires. They are essential for tracking changes in ice sheets and glaciers, monitoring sea-level rise, and understanding atmospheric composition. In meteorology, satellite data is vital for developing accurate weather models and predicting severe weather events. Furthermore, satellite technology underpins global positioning systems (GPS), which are integral to modern navigation and many other industries. The data collected is often archived and made publicly available, fostering further research and innovation.