Sargocentron

Sargocentron is a genus of ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Holocentridae, commonly known as squirrelfishes. These fishes are found in tropical and subtropical waters of the Indo-Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. They are characterized by their large eyes, which are adapted for nocturnal vision, and their bright coloration, often featuring red, orange, and silver hues.

Members of the genus Sargocentron are typically small to medium-sized, with most species ranging from 10 to 30 centimeters in length. They possess a spiny dorsal fin and a continuous lateral line. Their diet primarily consists of small invertebrates, such as crustaceans and mollusks, which they forage for during the night. During the day, they seek refuge in crevices, caves, and among coral reefs to avoid predators.

The genus Sargocentron includes several well-known species, such as the Pacific squirrelfish (Sargocentron diadema) and the squirrel squirrelfish (Sargocentron rubrum). Many species exhibit cryptic coloration during the day, blending in with their surroundings, and become more active and visible when foraging at night. They are oviparous, releasing their eggs into the water column.

Sargocentron species play a role in the marine ecosystem as both predators and prey. While not a primary target for commercial fishing, they are sometimes caught as bycatch and can be found in the aquarium trade due to their attractive appearance. Their sensitivity to environmental changes makes them potential indicators of reef health.