Sanseikai

Sanseikai, also known as the "three realms" or "three worlds," is a concept found in various Japanese Buddhist traditions. It refers to distinct planes of existence or states of being within the cycle of rebirth, or samsara. While specific interpretations can vary slightly between different schools of Buddhism, the core idea of three interconnected realms is consistent.

The first realm is often described as the realm of desire, known as the kamadhatu. This is the realm of sensory experience, where beings are driven by their desires, attachments, and passions. It encompasses lower realms such as hell realms, hungry ghost realms, animal realms, and human realms, as well as the lower heavens.

The second realm is the realm of form, or rupadhatu. This realm is characterized by more refined states of existence, where beings have transcended gross desires but still possess subtle forms and mental constructs. It is typically associated with the heavens of Brahmas and other higher deities, achieved through meditative practices.

The third realm is the formless realm, or arupadhatu. This is the highest and most subtle realm, inhabited by beings who exist purely as consciousness, devoid of any physical form or even mental constructs of form. These beings are said to have attained extremely deep states of meditation.

The ultimate goal in Buddhism is to escape the cycle of rebirth within these three realms and achieve nirvana, a state of liberation from suffering and the endless cycle of existence. Understanding the sanseikai helps practitioners comprehend the nature of suffering and the path to enlightenment.