STCW

STCW stands for the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers, 1978, as amended. It sets minimum international requirements for the training, certification, and watchkeeping of seafarers on ships engaged in international voyages to promote safety, security, and environmental protection.

Adopted under the International Maritime Organization, the convention entered into force in 1984 and has been amended several times, most notably by the 1995 amendments and the 2010 Manila Amendments. The amendments broaden training scope, update competency standards, and add requirements such as security-related training and more rigorous certification rules.

The STCW comprises the Convention and the STCW Code, which is divided into Part A (mandatory standards) and Part B (guidance). It covers basic safety training, survival craft and rescue operations, firefighting, personal safety and social responsibilities, medical care, and watchkeeping competencies for officers and ratings, along with sector-specific endorsements.

Implementation is national: flag states regulate certification, and ships must carry valid STCW certificates. Port state control can inspect for compliance. Certificates and endorsements are internationally recognized, and training providers must be approved by competent authorities. The regime applies to crews on seagoing ships above certain tonnage or on international routes.

Impact of STCW has been to raise seafarer qualifications and standardize professional expectations, contributing to safer operations and improved crew capabilities. Ongoing amendments address emerging maritime safety and security needs and the evolving nature of ship operations.