Rotkanal

Rotkanal, in dentistry, refers to the root canal, the natural cavity within a tooth that houses the dental pulp, consisting of nerves, blood vessels and connective tissue. The term is commonly used in the context of endodontic therapy, or root canal treatment, a procedure designed to remove diseased or inflamed pulp tissue, disinfect the canal system, and seal the tooth to prevent reinfection.

Anatomy and pathology: Each tooth may contain one or more root canals that extend from the pulp chamber down through the roots. Inflammation or infection of the dental pulp—pulpitis—can occur due to deep decay, repeated dental work, cracks, or trauma. If left untreated, infection can spread to surrounding bone, forming an abscess.

Procedure: Root canal treatment typically begins with local anesthesia and access opening to reach the pulp chamber. The diseased pulp is removed, the canals are cleaned and shaped with specialized files and irrigants, and then filled (obturated) with a biocompatible material, usually gutta-percha and sealer. A final restoration, such as a crown or filling, is placed to protect the tooth. Some cases require multiple visits.

Outlook and risks: Success rates are high when performed properly, allowing the tooth to be retained for many years. Potential complications include persistent infection, instrument separation, canal perforation, and post-treatment pain. Aftercare includes maintaining oral hygiene and avoiding excessive load on the tooth until a final restoration is in place.

Alternatives include extraction with prosthetic replacement. For many patients, root canal treatment preserves the natural tooth and function.