Rotatsioonpuur

Rotatsioonpuur, also known as a rotary drill bit, is a cutting tool used in drilling operations. It is designed to remove material from a workpiece through a combination of rotation and axial thrust. The primary function of a rotatsioonpuur is to create holes in various materials such as metal, wood, plastic, and rock.

The design of a rotatsioonpuur can vary significantly depending on its intended application. Common types include twist drills, masonry drills, and specialized drill bits for specific industries like oil and gas exploration. Twist drills, perhaps the most common type, feature helical flutes that spiral around a central body. These flutes serve to channel away the removed material (chips) from the hole and to deliver cutting fluid or lubricant to the cutting edge.

The cutting edges, located at the tip of the drill bit, are responsible for the material removal. Their geometry, angle, and material composition are crucial for efficient cutting and durability. Different materials require different drill bit types and cutting edge geometries. For instance, drilling hard metals often necessitates bits made from high-speed steel or carbide, with specific point angles designed to reduce heat and prevent premature wear.

The operation of a rotatsioonpuur involves a power source, typically an electric motor or a pneumatic motor, which imparts rotational motion to the drill bit. Simultaneously, a force is applied along the axis of the drill bit, pushing it into the workpiece. The interaction of the rotating cutting edges with the material creates chips, which are then evacuated by the flutes. Proper speed, feed rate, and cooling are essential for effective drilling, prolonging the life of the drill bit and achieving desired hole quality.