Robbanásbiztos

Robbanásbiztos is a term used for electrical equipment and protective systems designed to operate in potentially explosive atmospheres, such as those containing flammable gases, vapors, liquids, or combustible dust. The aim is to prevent ignition of the surrounding atmosphere by either containing any internal explosion, preventing hot surfaces and sparks from reaching the outside, or limiting the energy that could ignite a hazard.

Common protection concepts include flameproof enclosures (Ex d), increased safety (Ex e), intrinsic safety (Ex i), protective dust ignition protection (Ex q/t in some contexts), and pressurized or purged enclosures (Ex p). The appropriate protection method depends on the hazard type (gas vs dust), the zone classification, and the operating conditions. Equipment may be designed for use in different zones, such as gas zones 0, 1, 2 and dust zones 20, 21, 22.

In the European Union, explosion protection is regulated by ATEX directives. Equipment intended for explosive atmospheres must comply with the relevant EN 60079 standards and bear the CE mark, often with a declaration of conformity indicating the protection type (for example Ex d, Ex i). Certification is typically performed by a notified body. The ATEX framework includes directives for equipment (2014/34/EU) and for worker safety (1999/92/EC). Internationally, IECEx provides an alternative or supplementary certification path.

The term is often used across industries such as chemical processing, oil and gas, mining, and pharmaceuticals. Users must select equipment that matches the specific hazardous environment and follow installation, maintenance, and inspection requirements to maintain safety and compliance.