RoHSdirektiivi

RoHSdirektiivi, or the RoHS directive, is an European Union regulation aimed at restricting the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (EEE). Its purpose is to reduce environmental impact and health risks associated with the production, use, and disposal of electronic devices.

Scope and applicability: The directive applies to most electrical and electronic products placed on the EU market, including components and assemblies. It covers manufacturers and importers, as well as distributors who must ensure conformity and traceability. Certain equipment, such as some military or aerospace applications, may be exempt or subject to different rules. The directive is closely linked to the WEEE directive, which governs the end-of-life management of EEE.

Substances and limits: The original RoHS restricted six substances: lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls (PBB), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE), with a limit of 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials (cadmium at 0.01%). RoHS 3, adopted later as an amendment, added four phthalates—DEHP, BBP, DBP, and DIBP—also limited to 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials.

Compliance requirements: Manufacturers must ensure products comply with RoHS limits and maintain technical documentation. An EU Declaration of Conformity is required, and CE marking indicates compliance for market access. Some product categories require conformity assessment by notified bodies; ongoing compliance and supply-chain traceability are essential.

Exemptions and timelines: Many exemptions exist for specific uses or components, granted for fixed periods and subject to renewal. Product categories and exemptions are listed in the directive’s annexes and are periodically updated.

Enforcement: Member states oversee enforcement through market surveillance, with penalties for non-compliance. The RoHS directive remains a cornerstone of EU chemical and product safety policy in electronics.