Risankizumab

Risankizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets the p19 subunit of interleukin-23 (IL-23). By inhibiting IL-23, it suppresses the IL-23/Th17 inflammatory pathway, which is implicated in several autoimmune conditions. It is administered by subcutaneous injection and is given according to indication with induction dosing followed by maintenance dosing; specific regimens vary by region and approved indication.

In adults, risankizumab is approved for moderate to severe plaque psoriasis, and it has also received approval for Crohn's disease in certain regulatory jurisdictions. It is not indicated for pediatric use in routine practice. As with other biologics, patient selection depends on disease severity, prior therapy, and individual risk factors.

Pharmacology and pharmacokinetics: Risankizumab is an IgG1 monoclonal antibody with a relatively long half-life, enabling dosing at intervals of weeks to months after an induction period. It is cleared via standard catabolic pathways and is not primarily metabolized by hepatic enzymes. Immunogenicity, in the form of anti-drug antibodies, has been observed in some patients but does not consistently diminish efficacy.

Safety and adverse effects: Common adverse events include upper respiratory infections, headaches, fatigue, and injection-site reactions. Serious infections, hypersensitivity reactions, and rare malignancies have been discussed in labeling or postmarketing reports; caution is advised in patients with active infections or history of recurrent infections. As with other biologics, monitoring for immune-related effects is recommended.

Branding and development: Risankizumab is marketed under the brand name Skyrizi by AbbVie in many markets. Regulatory approvals and labeling continue to vary by country and over time.