Reîtres

Reîtres were a type of mercenary cavalry unit that emerged in Central Europe during the 15th century. These soldiers were primarily composed of German horsemen and gained prominence during the Italian Wars and other conflicts of the period. Their distinctive feature was their use of firearms, particularly pistols, which they would discharge in volleys as they charged their opponents. This tactic, known as the "caracole," involved a staggered formation where the reîtres would ride forward in ranks, each rank firing their pistols in turn before wheeling out of the way to allow the next rank to advance.

This innovative use of firearms on horseback provided them with a significant advantage over traditional armored cavalry, which relied on lance charges. The reîtres' effectiveness stemmed from their ability to disrupt enemy formations with gunpowder weapons before engaging in close combat, if necessary. They were highly sought after by various rulers and commanders due to their adaptability and firepower. However, their reliance on firearms also meant they required a constant supply of gunpowder and ammunition. Over time, other armies began to adopt similar tactics, and the reîtres eventually faded as a distinct unit type, their methods being absorbed into the broader evolution of cavalry warfare.