Realtallæren

Realtallæren, often translated as the "doctrine of real things" or "realism," is a philosophical concept that asserts the existence of an objective reality independent of human perception or consciousness. This means that the world and its properties exist whether or not anyone is observing them. In contrast to idealism, which suggests that reality is fundamentally mental or dependent on the mind, realtallæren posits that objects, their qualities, and the relationships between them have an independent existence.

This philosophical stance has implications across various fields, including epistemology and metaphysics. In epistemology, realtallæren suggests that knowledge is gained through our senses and reason interacting with this external reality, allowing us to discover truths about it. In metaphysics, it addresses the fundamental nature of being, proposing that there are entities and structures in the world that are not merely constructions of our thought processes.

The precise nature of this independent reality and how we can best access or understand it remains a subject of debate within philosophical traditions that subscribe to realtallæren. Different interpretations might focus on scientific observation, logical deduction, or other methods as primary means of apprehending this objective world. Despite variations, the core tenet remains the affirmation of a reality that transcends individual minds.