Ratkaisuvaltuuksiin

Ratkaisuvaltuuksiin, often translated as "resolution authority" or "competent authority for resolution," refers to the legal and institutional framework established in many jurisdictions to manage the failure of financial institutions. The primary objective of a resolution authority is to ensure the orderly winding down of a failing bank or other designated financial entity in a way that minimizes disruption to the financial system and protects taxpayer funds.

These authorities are typically empowered with a range of tools to achieve this. They can include powers to transfer assets and liabilities of the failing institution to a healthy one, to establish a bridge bank to continue essential services, or to write down or convert the capital instruments of shareholders and certain creditors to absorb losses. The specific powers and the scope of institutions subject to resolution vary by country, but the overarching goal remains consistent: to avoid a disorderly collapse that could trigger systemic contagion.

The establishment of dedicated resolution authorities was a significant outcome of the 2008 global financial crisis, aiming to create a more effective and predictable process for dealing with distressed banks. This contrasts with traditional insolvency proceedings, which are often ill-suited to the complexities and interconnectedness of the modern financial sector. By providing a pre-defined resolution regime, regulators seek to enhance financial stability and reduce the moral hazard associated with "too big to fail" institutions.